Recent investigations suggest that certain factors play an important role in the development of a child during the prenatal period. Stages of prenatal development pdf monthly development pdf understanding human reproduction part ii key pdf miracle of life pdf a month at a time key pdf. The first two weeks of development are concerned with simple cell multiplication. This period is generally divided into three stages. Facial and palatal development columbia university. An alcoholfree pregnancy is the best choice for your baby.
Much of development is generated by the fetus itself. Human development introduction meaning of development lifespan perspective on development growth, development, maturation, and evolution box 4. Prenatal determinants of early behavioral and cognitive. Examine the diagrams below of the developing human baby. This chart gives an overview of each sensory system, listed in the order in which the system matures to functionality and a brief description of the systems purpose and function. Prenatal development nature and nurture combine forces in prenatal development. Ehd hereby grants state and local governments a nonexclusive limited license to incorporate any or all of the prenatal development facts presented on this prenatal summary web page english and spanish into government web pages and printed materials at no charge. Explain how the developing embryo and fetus may be harmed by the presence of teratogens and describe what a mother can do to reduce her risk.
All the major aspects of the growing organism have been formed in the embryonic phase, and now the fetus has approximately six months to go from weighing less than an ounce to weighing an average of 6 to 8 pounds. These nine months are divided into three 3month periods called trimesters. Prenatal development refers to the process in which a baby develops from a single cell after conception into an embryo and later a fetus. The first two weeks after conception are known as the germinal stage, the third. Also discover topics, titles, outlines, thesis statements, and conclusions for your prenatal development essay. Child development a curriculum guide that outlines the content and teaching strategies to help teach students about child development. Note that the sex of the child is determined by the sex chromosome it receives from the sperm. Conception occurs when an egg from the mother is fertilized by a sperm from the father. Think about the miraculous development that occurs during childhood in order for a tiny zygote to grow into a walking, talking, thinking child. Explain how the developing embryo and fetus may be harmed by the presence of teratogens and describe what a mother can do to reduce. Prenatal development notes prenatal development conception.
Factors affecting prenatal development essay 1145 words. Lets take a look at what happens to the developing baby in each of these stages. Stages of prenatal development divided into three periods. Developmental stages are periods during which physical or psychological functioning differs qualitatively from that of either earlier or later periods. Prenatal development introduction to psychology lumen learning. Teaching children the facts of life male and female reproduction birth defects, genetics, and heredity pregnancy stages of prenatal development labor, childbirth, and postpartum care. The stages and risks of prenatal development ivy tech university jaime heineman pregnancy is an exciting time for the mother as well as her friends and family. During each prenatal stage, genetic and environmental factors can affect development. This care can begin even before pregnancy with a pre pregnancy care visit to a health care provider. First, maternal and fetal risk conditions arising in the prenatal period do not do so. Now we are going to begin the story of the lifespan. It is important that the mother takes good care of herself and receives prenatal care, which is medical care during pregnancy that monitors the health of both the mother and the fetus.
The process of prenatal development occurs in three main stages. Prenatal development is a time of remarkable change that helps set the stage for future psychological development. The umbilical cord joins the embryo and the placenta or afterbirth. These publications, plus sameroff and chandler 1975, frame this articles focus on research investigations of fetal development, evidence of fetal programming, and the influence of prenatal events on infant outcomes, such as prenatal exposures to. Stages of h um an d evelopm ent austin community college. Beginning in the 9th week after conception, the embryo becomes a fetus. Prenatal development is the process that occurs during the 40 weeks prior to the birth of a child. Prenatal sensory development a sequential order of development and maturation is present in typically developing infants. Prenatal development is also organized into three equal trimesters, which do not correspond with the three stages. Factors affecting prenatal development the elaborate details of life begin with a single cell that develops into a full term fetus within approximately 40 weeks, 280 days or 10 lunar months. A newly married couple plans to use the natural family planning method of contraception. The development process involved an advisory committee, key informants and topic experts. In other words, a strategy to optimize fetal development, if implemented, would not only have immediate health benefits, but also cumulative benefit for personal and social health and development for over many decades to come and as such would be in close accord with millennium development goals.
In this lesson, we explore the role of heredity and the environment in human development, prenatal development, and childbirth. This amazing process, called development, normally lasts about 38 weeks. This development continues into the 12th week with completion of the soft palate. The study of development begins at the moment of conception the sperm fight to be the only the egg. This article aims to examine the factors affecting prenatal development, significantly, before and during pregnancy with respect to the development of a childs personality at later stages of life. Maternal malnutrition increases in miscarriages, stillbirths, and premature births. Study online flashcards and notes for alterations in respiratory system. Period of development when major functional defects and minor structural defects can occur. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Cell division begins 12 hours after fertilization and continues throughout. This process can be divided into three distinct stages. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext.
View and download prenatal development essays examples. Development happens quickly during the prenatal period, which is the time between conception and birth. Environmental influences cont maternal factors stress unusual stress during pregnancy at elevated risk of malformations. The long fetal period 4x the embryonic period is a time of extensive growth in size and mass as well as ongoing differentiation of organ systems established in the embryonic period. Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. The prenatal development period covers the time from conception to birth and is sometimes described in terms of trimesters first, second, and third or of three stages germinal, embryonic, and fetal. Perfect for acing essays, tests, and quizzes, as well as for writing lesson plans. This care can begin even before pregnancy with a prepregnancy care visit to a health care provider. Aug 18, 2019 in most cases, prenatal development occurs normally and follows the established patterns of development with little variation. By definition, prenatal development is the process in which an embryo or fetus develops during pregnancy, from fertilization until birth. The nurse knows that his or her teaching was effective when the couple responds that an ovum is considered.
The epigenetic framework is an important tool for helping us understand the interplay between nature or heredity and nurture or the environment. Environmental influences cont maternal factors nutrition and maternal weight need 300 500 more calories a day need extra protein weight gain of 25 35 pounds less likely to have birth complications overweight before pregnancy highest risk of stillbirth or losing baby during first week of life. Nature and nurture combine forces in prenatal development. Lets look and measure some of the changes that occur during this human fetal development and learn about some of the chemicals that could disrupt this normal development. At each museum station, students will use the information and activity to complete their unit 3 workbook notes.
Promoting healthy prenatal development prenatal development is divided into three distinct stages these are the zygote, embryo and the real sense these three periods are a representation of continuous phases of development during which the developing organism is sustained and protected by amniotic sac, placenta and umbical cord and. Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. Learn exactly what happened in this chapter, scene, or section of development and what it means. Gestational age is the age of the pregnancy from the last normal menstrual period lmp, and fetal age is the actual age of the growing baby. The developing fetus is completely dependent on the mother for life. Feb 19, 2020 prenatal development, the process encompassing the period from the formation of an embryo, through the development of a fetus, to birth. The prenatal period of development is a time of physical growth, but whats going on inside the brain is critical for future psychological development. Prenatal development includes the development of the embryo and of the fetus during a. Helpful resources the organizations and resources below can provide you with more information on fasds, drinking and pregnancy, and how to get help if you are. Understanding how long an ovum can live after ovulation is important to them. From beginning as a onecell structure to your birth, your prenatal development occurred in an orderly and delicate sequence. The course of this prenatal development is divided into three main periods.
While you might think of child development as something that begins during infancy, the prenatal period is also considered an important part of the developmental process. The human face begins to form during the 4th week of embryonic development. Prenatal development child development parenting classes kids and. The brain development that takes place during the prenatal period helps set the course for what will take place outside the womb. This page shows some key events of human development during the fetal period weeks 9 to 37 following fertilization.
Pdf evolution and prenatal development researchgate. The fertilization of an ovum by a sperm to form a zygote. This tiny mass of cells then adheres to the inside wall of the uterus. During rapid stage prenatal development, even small environmental disturbances can have serious and lasting consequences. The following information is used as a general guide for healthy fetal development, although development may vary due to the mothers health or a miscalculation of ovulation. A summary of prenatal development in s development. Laryngeal echolocation occurs in two separate groups of bats, so it is not clear if this is an example of convergent evolution or if those bats that cannot echolocate previously lost the ability. Prenatal development, the process encompassing the period from the formation of an embryo, through the development of a fetus, to birth. It is an experience which has every emotion you can think of. Nichd eunice kennedy shriver national institute of child health and human development. Community practitioners and health visitors association department for children, schools and families department for work and pensions food standards agency nct. The pregnancy book, including the mothers and fathers, medical and health professionals, and the many individuals and organisations. Class notes developmental psychology developmental psychologists are interested in common patterns of development and growth and the way in which people differ throughout the lifespan. Conception conception is the union of the mothers and fathers sex cells, also known as gametes or germ cells.
Prenatal development true or false one that can successfully fertilize the study of development begins at birth. The brain develops over the course of the prenatal period, but it will continue to go through more changes. Week 1 and 2 development see week 1 movie this lecture will discuss the first two weeks of human embryogenesis and describe the cleavage stages, blastocyst formation and hatching, and the generation of the bilaminar embryo. Getting early and regular prenatal care improves the chances of a healthy pregnancy. Prenatal development supports a single origin of laryngeal. Calcium deficiencies development of bones and teeth in fetus. Prenatal development is divided into three main periods 1germinal period 02 weeks conception occurs in fallopian tubes cell differentiation rapid cell division 42% of conceptions successfully implant in uterus blastocyst a cell mass that develops from the zygote in the germinal period and forms a hollow sphere in preparation for implantation. These three days of class allow the students to explore prenatal development in a classroom museum environment with the motto of please touch to help them understand the information. Child growth and development pregnancy and prenatal. The fetal stage is the third stage of prenatal development and covers the period from the end of week eight to birth. Cells continue to divide, body structures become functional, and the fetus becomes capable of movement. Between the 6th and 8th weeks the development of the palate subdivides nasal and oral cavities. However, a number of things, usually caused by genetics or environmental problems, can go wrong during this time.
Prenatal development baby, stages, average, definition. Prenatal summary the endowment for human development. The zygote is transformed into an embryo and then a fetus through the processes of. Because a woman has only x chromosomes, every ovum carries an.
In order to have a healthy baby at the end of the term, there are a few factors which have to be. Prenatal development conception occurs when a single sperm cell from the male unites with an ovum egg prenatal development is divided into 3 periods and lasts approximately 266280 days. Conception the union of a male sperm cell and a female egg cell to form a new organism. Mangiagalli, university of milan, milan, italy abstract knowledge of fetal nutrient supply has greatly increased in the last decade due to the availability of fetal blood samples. Most often the babys head moves to the lower part of the uterus. The defining characteristic of the fetal stage is growth. The final and longest stage of the prenatal development.
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